Sacra Latina

Douay-Rheims & Vulgata Clementina

Sacra Latina
← Prev Next →
Douay-Rheims
Vulgata

1 Objection 1: It seems that something else besides God can be essentially infinite. For the power of anything is proportioned to its essence. Now if the essence of God is infinite, His power must also be infinite. Therefore He can produce an infinite effect, since the extent of a power is known by its effect.

1 Ad secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod aliquid aliud quam Deus possit esse infinitum per essentiam. Virtus enim rei proportionatur essentiae eius. Si igitur essentia Dei est infinita, oportet quod eius virtus sit infinita. Ergo potest producere effectum infinitum, cum quantitas virtutis per effectum cognoscatur.

2 Objection 2: Further, whatever has infinite power, has an infinite essence. Now the created intellect has an infinite power; for it apprehends the universal, which can extend itself to an infinitude of singular things. Therefore every created intellectual substance is infinite.

2 Praeterea, quidquid habet virtutem infinitam, habet essentiam infinitam. Sed intellectus creatus habet virtutem infinitam, apprehendit enim universale, quod se potest extendere ad infinita singularia. Ergo omnis substantia intellectualis creata est infinita.

3 Objection 3: Further, primary matter is something other than God, as was shown above Question 3, Article 8). But primary matter is infinite. Therefore something besides God can be infinite.

3 Praeterea, materia prima aliud est a Deo, ut supra ostensum est. Sed materia prima est infinita. Ergo aliquid aliud praeter Deum potest esse infinitum.

4 On the contrary, The infinite cannot have a beginning, as said in Phys. iii. But everything outside God is from God as from its first principle. Therefore besides God nothing can be infinite.

4 Sed contra est quod infinitum non potest esse ex principio aliquo, ut dicitur in III Physic. Omne autem quod est praeter Deum, est ex Deo sicut ex primo principio. Ergo nihil quod est praeter Deum, potest esse infinitum.

5 I answer that, Things other than God can be relatively infinite, but not absolutely infinite. For with regard to infinite as applied to matter, it is manifest that everything actually existing possesses a form; and thus its matter is determined by form. But because matter, considered as existing under some substantial form, remains in potentiality to many accidental forms, which is absolutely finite can be relatively infinite; as, for example, wood is finite according to its own form, but still it is relatively infinite, inasmuch as it is in potentiality to an infinite number of shapes. But if we speak of the infinite in reference to form, it is manifest that those things, the forms of which are in matter, are absolutely finite, and in no way infinite. If, however, any created forms are not received into matter, but are self-subsisting, as some think is the case with angels, these will be relatively infinite, inasmuch as such kinds of forms are not terminated, nor contracted by any matter. But because a created form thus subsisting has being, and yet is not its own being, it follows that its being is received and contracted to a determinate nature. Hence it cannot be absolutely infinite.

5 Respondeo dicendum quod aliquid praeter Deum potest esse infinitum secundum quid, sed non simpliciter. Si enim loquamur de infinito secundum quod competit materiae, manifestum est quod omne existens in actu, habet aliquam formam, et sic materia eius est terminata per formam. Sed quia materia, secundum quod est sub una forma substantiali, remanet in potentia ad multas formas accidentales; quod est finitum simpliciter, potest esse infinitum secundum quid, utpote lignum est finitum secundum suam formam, sed tamen est infinitum secundum quid, inquantum est in potentia ad figuras infinitas. Si autem loquamur de infinito secundum quod convenit formae, sic manifestum est quod illa quorum formae sunt in materia, sunt simpliciter finita, et nullo modo infinita. Si autem sint aliquae formae creatae non receptae in materia, sed per se subsistentes, ut quidam de Angelis opinantur, erunt quidem infinitae secundum quid, inquantum huiusmodi formae non terminantur neque contrahuntur per aliquam materiam, sed quia forma creata sic subsistens habet esse, et non est suum esse, necesse est quod ipsum eius esse sit receptum et contractum ad determinatam naturam. Unde non potest esse infinitum simpliciter.

6 Reply to Objection 1: It is against the nature of a made thing for its essence to be its existence; because subsisting being is not a created being; hence it is against the nature of a made thing to be absolutely infinite. Therefore, as God, although He has infinite power, cannot make a thing to be not made for this would imply that two contradictories are true at the same time), so likewise He cannot make anything to be absolutely infinite.

6 Ad primum ergo dicendum quod hoc est contra rationem facti, quod essentia rei sit ipsum esse eius, quia esse subsistens non est esse creatum, unde contra rationem facti est, quod sit simpliciter infinitum. Sicut ergo Deus, licet habeat potentiam infinitam, non tamen potest facere aliquid non factum hoc enim esset contradictoria esse simul); ita non potest facere aliquid infinitum simpliciter.

7 Reply to Objection 2: The fact that the power of the intellect extends itself in a way to infinite things, is because the intellect is a form not in matter, but either wholly separated from matter, as is the angelic substance, or at least an intellectual power, which is not the act of any organ, in the intellectual soul joined to a body.

7 Ad secundum dicendum quod hoc ipsum quod virtus intellectus extendit se quodammodo ad infinita, procedit ex hoc quod intellectus est forma non in materia; sed vel totaliter separata, sicut sunt substantiae Angelorum; vel ad minus potentia intellectiva, quae non est actus alicuius organi, in anima intellectiva corpori coniuncta.

8 Reply to Objection 3: Primary matter does not exist by itself in nature, since it is not actually being, but potentially only; hence it is something concreated rather than created. Nevertheless, primary matter even as a potentiality is not absolutely infinite, but relatively, because its potentiality extends only to natural forms.

8 Ad tertium dicendum quod materia prima non existit in rerum natura per seipsam, cum non sit ens in actu, sed potentia tantum, unde magis est aliquid concreatum, quam creatum. Nihilominus tamen materia prima, etiam secundum potentiam, non est infinita simpliciter, sed secundum quid, quia eius potentia non se extendit nisi ad formas naturales.

Word list
I q. 7 a. 2: Whether anything but God can be essentially infinite? · 136 unique words
Study these words
Nouns (24)
anima, animae f · 1st
soul
essentia, essentiae f · 1st
essence ×5
figura, figurae f · 1st
shape, form
forma, formae f · 1st
form, figure ×12
materia, materiae f · 1st
matter, material ×11
natura, naturae f · 1st
nature ×2
physica, physicae f · 1st
the Physics
potentia, potentiae f · 1st
force, power ×7
substantia, substantiae f · 1st
nature ×2
angelus, angelī m · 2nd
angel ×2
deus, deī m · 2nd
God, god ×9
modus, modī m · 2nd
manner, mode
lignum, lignī n · 2nd
wood; tree
organum, organī n · 2nd
organ
principium, principiī n · 2nd
beginning ×2
quantitas, quantitatis f · 3rd
quantity
ratio, ratiōnis f · 3rd
reason, account ×2
virtus, virtutis f · 3rd
strength, power ×6
corpus, corporis n · 3rd
body
ens, entis n · 3rd
being, a thing that is
actus, actūs m · 4th
act, deed ×3
effectus, effectūs m · 4th
effect ×2
intellectus, intellectūs m · 4th
comprehension, understanding ×3
res, reī f · 5th
res ×3
Verbs (31)
concreo 1st conj
create together with
creō, creāre, creāvī, creātum 1st conj
create ×6
determino 1st conj
determine, settle
opinor 1st conj
think, suppose
proportiono 1st conj
proportion
separō, separāre, separāvī, separātum 1st conj
divide, distinguish
termino 1st conj
limit, bring to an end ×2
habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum 2nd conj
have, hold ×6
licet, licēre, licuit, licitum 2nd conj
it is allowed, is lawful
oportet, oportēre, oportuit 2nd conj
it is necessary, it behooves
remaneō, remanēre, remansī, remansum 2nd conj
stay behind
respondeō, respondēre, respondī, responsum 2nd conj
answer
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum 2nd conj
see
apprehendō, apprehendere, apprehendī, apprehensum 3rd conj
seize, lay hold of
cognosco 3rd conj
become acquainted with
competo 3rd conj
be suitable, befit
coniungō, coniungere, coniunxī, coniunctum 3rd conj
connect, join
contraho 3rd conj
draw together, narrow ×2
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum 3rd conj
say, speak ×5
existō, existere, existitī, existitum 3rd conj
step forth, appear ×2
extendō, extendere, extendī, extentum 3rd conj
stretch ×3
faciō, facere, fēcī, factum 3rd conj
do, make ×5
loquor, loquī, locūtus sum 3rd conj
speak ×2
ostendō, ostendere, ostendī, ostentum 3rd conj
show
procedō, procedere, processī, processum 3rd conj
proceed ×2
producō, producere, produxī, productum 3rd conj
lead forward, bring out
recipiō, recipere, recēpī, receptum 3rd conj
record ×2
subsistō, subsistere, substitī 3rd conj
halt, stand ×3
conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum 4th conj
come together, assemble
possum, posse, potuī irreg
be able, can ×11
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus irreg
be ×51
Adjectives (22)
intellectivus, -a, -um 1st
intellective ×2
nūllus, -a, -um (gen. nūllīus) 1st
no
suus, -a, -um 1st
his/her/their own ×2
tertius, -a, -um 1st
third
alius, alia, aliud (gen. usually alterīus) 2nd
other, another ×3
contradictorius, -a, -um 1st/2nd
contradictory
finitus, -a, -um 2nd
finite, limited ×3
infinitus, -a, -um 2nd
infinite, boundless ×27
manifestus, -a, -um 2nd
detected, plainly guilty ×2
multus, -a, -um 2nd
much, many
primus, -a, -um 2nd
first, foremost, best ×6
secundus, -a, -um 2nd
next, following ×2
ūnus, -a, -um (gen. ūnīus) 2nd
one
accidentalis, -e 3rd
accidental
intellectualis, -e 3rd
intellectual
naturalis, -e 3rd
natural, normal
necesse 3rd
necessary, essential
omnis, -e 3rd
all, every ×3
singularis, -e 3rd
alone, unique
substantialis, -e 3rd
substantial, of the substance
universalis, -e 3rd
universal
huiusmodi adj
such a one
Pronouns (13)
is, ea, id
he, she, it; this, that ×6
quī, quae, quod
who, which ×6
hic, haec, hoc
this, this one; (adv.) here ×4
ille, illa, illud
that; he, she, it
ipse, ipsa, ipsum
himself, herself, itself; very ×3
sēipse, sēipsa, sēipsum
himself, herself, itself (emphatic)
suī, sibi, sē
of himself, herself, itself ×4
aliquī, aliqua, aliquod
anyone, anybody, anything ×5
aliquis, aliqua, aliquid
anyone, anybody, anything ×6
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam
a certain one, someone
quis, quid
who? what? ×5
nihil (indēcl.)
nothing
quisquis, quidquid
whoever, whatever
Indeclinables & other (46)
a + abl
from, by
ad + acc
to, toward ×11
contra + acc
against, facing ×3
de + abl
from, concerning ×3
ex + abl
out of, from ×4
in + abl
in, into, on ×10
per + acc
through ×6
praeter + acc
besides, except ×4
secundum + acc
according to ×10
sub + abl
under, beneath
supra + acc
above, beyond
inquantum adv
in so far as ×2
ita adv
thus, so
magis adv
to greater extent, more nearly
minus adv
less
nihilominus adv
nonetheless
non adv
not ×16
praeterea adv
besides, furthermore ×2
quidem adv
indeed, certainly
quodammodo adv
in a certain way
sic adv
so, thus ×4
simpliciter adv
simply, absolutely ×7
simul adv
at same time
tantum adv
so much, so far
totaliter adv
wholly, entirely
unde adv
from where, whence ×3
utpote adv
inasmuch as, namely
autem conj
but, however ×3
cum conj
when, since ×2
enim conj
namely ×4
ergo conj
therefore ×6
et conj
and ×4
etiam conj
and also, besides, furthermore
igitur conj
therefore, so, then
neque conj
and not, nor
nisi conj
if not
quam conj
how, than ×2
quia conj
because, for ×4
quod conj
because, as far as ×17
sed conj
but ×11
si conj
if, if only ×4
sicut conj
as, just as ×3
tamen conj
yet, nevertheless ×3
ut conj
that, so that; as ×3
vel conj
or ×2
trēs, tria num
three