Sacra Latina

Douay-Rheims & Vulgata Clementina

Sacra Latina
← Prev Next →
Douay-Rheims
Vulgata

1 Objection 1: It seems that no name can be given to God. For Dionysius says Div. Nom. i) that, Of Him there is neither name, nor can one be found of Him; and it is written: What is His name, and what is the name of His Son, if thou knowest? Prov. 30, 4).

1 Ad primum sic proceditur. Videtur quod nullum nomen Deo conveniat. Dicit enim Dionysius, I cap. de Div. Nom., quod neque nomen eius est, neque opinio. Et Prov. XXX dicitur, quod nomen eius, et quod nomen filii eius, si nosti?

2 Objection 2: Further, every name is either abstract or concrete. But concrete names do not belong to God, since He is simple, nor do abstract names belong to Him, forasmuch as they do not signify any perfect subsisting thing. Therefore no name can be said of God.

2 Praeterea, omne nomen aut dicitur in abstracto, aut in concreto. Sed nomina significantia in concreto, non competunt Deo, cum simplex sit, neque nomina significantia in abstracto, quia non significant aliquid perfectum subsistens. Ergo nullum nomen potest dici de Deo.

3 Objection 3: Further, nouns are taken to signify substance with quality; verbs and participles signify substance with time; pronouns the same with demonstration or relation. But none of these can be applied to God, for He has no quality, nor accident, nor time; moreover, He cannot be felt, so as to be pointed out; nor can He be described by relation, inasmuch as relations serve to recall a thing mentioned before by nouns, participles, or demonstrative pronouns. Therefore God cannot in any way be named by us.

3 Praeterea, nomina significant substantiam cum qualitate; verba autem et participia significant cum tempore; pronomina autem cum demonstratione vel relatione. Quorum nihil competit Deo, quia sine qualitate est et sine omni accidente, et sine tempore; et sentiri non potest, ut demonstrari possit; nec relative significari, cum relativa sint aliquorum antedictorum recordativa, vel nominum, vel participiorum, vel pronominum demonstrativorum. Ergo Deus nullo modo potest nominari a nobis.

4 On the contrary, It is written Ex. 15, 3): The Lord is a man of war, Almighty is His name.

4 Sed contra est quod dicitur Exod. XV, dominus quasi vir pugnator, omnipotens nomen eius.

5 I answer that, Since according to the Philosopher Peri Herm. i), words are signs of ideas, and ideas the similitude of things, it is evident that words relate to the meaning of things signified through the medium of the intellectual conception. It follows therefore that we can give a name to anything in as far as we can understand it. Now it was shown above Question 12, Articles 11, 12) that in this life we cannot see the essence of God; but we know God from creatures as their principle, and also by way of excellence and remotion. In this way therefore He can be named by us from creatures, yet not so that the name which signifies Him expresses the divine essence in itself. Thus the name man expresses the essence of man in himself, since it signifies the definition of man by manifesting his essence; for the idea expressed by the name is the definition.

5 Respondeo dicendum quod, secundum philosophum, voces sunt signa intellectuum, et intellectus sunt rerum similitudines. Et sic patet quod voces referuntur ad res significandas, mediante conceptione intellectus. Secundum igitur quod aliquid a nobis intellectu cognosci potest, sic a nobis potest nominari. Ostensum est autem supra quod Deus in hac vita non potest a nobis videri per suam essentiam; sed cognoscitur a nobis ex creaturis, secundum habitudinem principii, et per modum excellentiae et remotionis. Sic igitur potest nominari a nobis ex creaturis, non tamen ita quod nomen significans ipsum, exprimat divinam essentiam secundum quod est, sicut hoc nomen homo exprimit sua significatione essentiam hominis secundum quod est, significat enim eius definitionem, declarantem eius essentiam; ratio enim quam significat nomen, est definitio.

6 Reply to Objection 1: The reason why God has no name, or is said to be above being named, is because His essence is above all that we understand about God, and signify in word.

6 Ad primum ergo dicendum quod ea ratione dicitur Deus non habere nomen, vel esse supra nominationem, quia essentia eius est supra id quod de Deo intelligimus et voce significamus.

7 Reply to Objection 2: Because we know and name God from creatures, the names we attribute to God signify what belongs to material creatures, of which the knowledge is natural to us. And because in creatures of this kind what is perfect and subsistent is compound; whereas their form is not a complete subsisting thing, but rather is that whereby a thing is; hence it follows that all names used by us to signify a complete subsisting thing must have a concrete meaning as applicable to compound things; whereas names given to signify simple forms, signify a thing not as subsisting, but as that whereby a thing is; as, for instance, whiteness signifies that whereby a thing is white. And as God is simple, and subsisting, we attribute to Him abstract names to signify His simplicity, and concrete names to signify His substance and perfection, although both these kinds of names fail to express His mode of being, forasmuch as our intellect does not know Him in this life as He is.

7 Ad secundum dicendum quod, quia ex creaturis in Dei cognitionem venimus, et ex ipsis eum nominamus, nomina quae Deo attribuimus, hoc modo significant, secundum quod competit creaturis materialibus, quarum cognitio est nobis connaturalis, ut supra dictum est. Et quia in huiusmodi creaturis, ea quae sunt perfecta et subsistentia sunt composita; forma autem in eis non est aliquid completum subsistens, sed magis quo aliquid est, inde est quod omnia nomina a nobis imposita ad significandum aliquid completum subsistens, significant in concretione, prout competit compositis; quae autem imponuntur ad significandas formas simplices, significant aliquid non ut subsistens, sed ut quo aliquid est, sicut albedo significat ut quo aliquid est album. Quia igitur et Deus simplex est, et subsistens est, attribuimus ei et nomina abstracta, ad significandam simplicitatem eius; et nomina concreta, ad significandum subsistentiam et perfectionem ipsius, quamvis utraque nomina deficiant a modo ipsius, sicut intellectus noster non cognoscit eum ut est, secundum hanc vitam.

8 Reply to Objection 3: To signify substance with quality is to signify the suppositum with a nature or determined form in which it subsists. Hence, as some things are said of God in a concrete sense, to signify His subsistence and perfection, so likewise nouns are applied to God signifying substance with quality. Further, verbs and participles which signify time, are applied to Him because His eternity includes all time. For as we can apprehend and signify simple subsistences only by way of compound things, so we can understand and express simple eternity only by way of temporal things, because our intellect has a natural affinity to compound and temporal things. But demonstrative pronouns are applied to God as describing what is understood, not what is sensed. For we can only describe Him as far as we understand Him. Thus, according as nouns, participles and demonstrative pronouns are applicable to God, so far can He be signified by relative pronouns.

8 Ad tertium dicendum quod significare substantiam cum qualitate, est significare suppositum cum natura vel forma determinata in qua subsistit. Unde, sicut de Deo dicuntur aliqua in concretione, ad significandum subsistentiam et perfectionem ipsius, sicut iam dictum est, ita dicuntur de Deo nomina significantia substantiam cum qualitate. Verba vero et participia consignificantia tempus dicuntur de ipso, ex eo quod aeternitas includit omne tempus, sicut enim simplicia subsistentia non possumus apprehendere et significare nisi per modum compositorum, ita simplicem aeternitatem non possumus intelligere vel voce exprimere, nisi per modum temporalium rerum; et hoc propter connaturalitatem intellectus nostri ad res compositas et temporales. Pronomina vero demonstrativa dicuntur de Deo, secundum quod faciunt demonstrationem ad id quod intelligitur, non ad id quod sentitur, secundum enim quod a nobis intelligitur, secundum hoc sub demonstratione cadit. Et sic, secundum illum modum quo nomina et participia et pronomina demonstrativa de Deo dicuntur, secundum hoc et pronominibus relativis significari potest.

Word list
I q. 13 a. 1: Whether a name can be given to God? · 167 unique words
Study these words
Nouns (51)
creatura, creaturae f · 1st
creation ×5
essentia, essentiae f · 1st
essence ×5
excellentia, excellentiae f · 1st
excellence
forma, formae f · 1st
form, figure ×3
natura, naturae f · 1st
nature
subsistentia, subsistentiae f · 1st
subsistence ×2
substantia, substantiae f · 1st
nature ×3
vita, vitae f · 1st
life, career ×2
Deus, Deī m · 2nd
God ×15
dionysius, dionysiī m · 2nd
Dionysius
dominus, dominī m · 2nd
lord; the Lord
exodus, exodī m · 2nd
Exodus
filius, fīliī m · 2nd
son
modus, modī m · 2nd
manner, mode ×7
philosophus, philosophī m · 2nd
philosopher
vir, virī m · 2nd
man
participium, participiī n · 2nd
participle ×4
principium, principiī n · 2nd
beginning
proverbium, proverbiī n · 2nd
proverb, saying
signum, signī n · 2nd
battle standard
suppositum, suppositī n · 2nd
a supposit, individual subject
verbum, verbī n · 2nd
word ×2
homo, hominis m · 3rd
man, human being ×2
pugnator m · 3rd
fighter, warrior
aeternitas, aeternitatis f · 3rd
eternity ×2
albedo, albedinis f · 3rd
whiteness
cognitio, cognitiōnis f · 3rd
examination, inquiry, investigation ×2
conceptio, conceptionis f · 3rd
a conceiving, conception
concretio, concretionis f · 3rd
concretion ×2
connaturalitas, connaturalitatis f · 3rd
natural affinity
definitio, definitionis f · 3rd
definition ×2
demonstratio, demonstrationis f · 3rd
demonstration, proof ×3
habitudo, habitudinis f · 3rd
relation, disposition
nominatio, nominationis f · 3rd
a naming, appellation
opinio, opiniōnis f · 3rd
belief, idea
perfectio, perfectionis f · 3rd
perfection, completion ×2
qualitas, qualitatis f · 3rd
quality ×4
ratio, ratiōnis f · 3rd
reason, account ×2
relatio, relationis f · 3rd
relation
remotio, remotionis f · 3rd
removal
significatio, significatiōnis f · 3rd
signal, outward sign
similitudo, similitūdinis f · 3rd
likeness, imitation
simplicitas, simplicitātis f · 3rd
simplicity, candor
vox, vōcis f · 3rd
voice ×4
accidens, accidentis n · 3rd
accident, a non-essential property
caput, capitis n · 3rd
head
nomen, nōminis n · 3rd
name ×23
pronomen, pronominis n · 3rd
pronoun ×5
tempus, temporis n · 3rd
time, season ×4
intellectus, intellectūs m · 4th
comprehension, understanding ×6
res, reī f · 5th
res ×4
Verbs (36)
consignifico 1st conj
signify along with
declarō, declarāre, declarāvī, declarātum 1st conj
declare
demonstrō, demonstrāre, demonstrāvī, demonstrātum 1st conj
point out
determino 1st conj
determine, settle
mediō, mediāre, mediāvī, mediātum 1st conj
to be in the middle, mediate
nominō, nomināre, nomināvī, nominātum 1st conj
name, call ×4
significō, significāre, significāvī, significātum 1st conj
signify, indicate ×25
habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum 2nd conj
have, hold
pateō, patēre, patuī 2nd conj
be open, lie open
respondeō, respondēre, respondī, responsum 2nd conj
answer
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum 2nd conj
see ×2
abstrahō, abstrahere, abstraxī, abstractum 3rd conj
drag away from, remove forcibly
antedico 3rd conj
say beforehand
apprehendō, apprehendere, apprehendī, apprehensum 3rd conj
seize, lay hold of
attribuo 3rd conj
attribute, assign ×2
cadō, cadere, cecidī, casum 3rd conj
fall, sink
cognosco 3rd conj
become acquainted with ×3
competo 3rd conj
be suitable, befit ×4
componō, componere, composuī, compositum 3rd conj
compare ×2
dēficiō, dēficere, dēfēcī, dēfectum 3rd conj
deify, make one a god
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum 3rd conj
say, speak ×17
exprimo 3rd conj
press out, express ×3
faciō, facere, fēcī, factum 3rd conj
do, make
imponō, imponere, imposuī, impositum 3rd conj
impose, put upon ×2
includō, includere, inclusī, inclusum 3rd conj
shut up
intelligō, intelligere, intellēxī, intellēctum 3rd conj
understand ×4
nōscō, nōscere, nōvī, nōtum 3rd conj
know
ostendō, ostendere, ostendī, ostentum 3rd conj
show
procedō, procedere, processī, processum 3rd conj
proceed
subsistō, subsistere, substitī 3rd conj
halt, stand ×8
conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum 4th conj
come together, assemble
sentiō, sentīre, sensī, sensum 4th conj
perceive, feel ×2
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum 4th conj
hunt
possum, posse, potuī irreg
be able, can ×11
referō, referre, retulī, relātum irreg
to carry back, bring back, refer
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus irreg
be ×27
Adjectives (24)
albus, -a, -um 1st
white, pale
nūllus, -a, -um (gen. nūllīus) 1st
no ×3
perfectus, -a, -um 1st
perfect, complete ×2
suus, -a, -um 1st
his/her/their own ×2
tertius, -a, -um 1st
third
abstractus, -a, -um 2nd
drawn off, abstract ×2
completus, -a, -um 1st/2nd
complete, finished ×2
compositus, -a, -um 1st/2nd
composite, compound ×2
concretus, -a, -um 2nd
grown together, concrete ×3
demonstrativus, -a, -um 1st/2nd
demonstrative ×3
divinus, -a, -um 2nd
divine, of a deity, god ×2
noster, nostra, nostrum 2nd
our ×2
primus, -a, -um 2nd
first, foremost, best ×2
recordativus, -a, -um 1st/2nd
serving to recall
relativus, -a, -um 1st/2nd
relative, having reference to ×2
secundus, -a, -um 2nd
next, following
ūnus, -a, -um (gen. ūnīus) 2nd
one
connaturalis, -e 3rd
connatural
materialis, -e 3rd
material, of matter
omnipotens, gen. omnipotentis 3rd
all-powerful, omnipotent
omnis, -e 3rd
all, every ×4
simplex, gen. simplicis 3rd
single ×5
temporalis, -e 3rd
of time ×2
huiusmodi adj
such a one
Pronouns (10)
ego, meī
I ×9
is, ea, id
he, she, it; this, that ×18
quī, quae, quod
who, which ×22
uterque, utraque, utrumque
each of two, both
hic, haec, hoc
this, this one; (adv.) here ×7
ille, illa, illud
that; he, she, it
ipse, ipsa, ipsum
himself, herself, itself; very ×6
aliquī, aliqua, aliquod
anyone, anybody, anything ×2
aliquis, aliqua, aliquid
anyone, anybody, anything ×8
nihil (indēcl.)
nothing
Indeclinables & other (46)
a + abl
from, by ×9
ad + acc
to, toward ×13
contra + acc
against, facing
cum + abl
with ×6
de + abl
from, concerning ×8
ex + abl
out of, from ×5
in + abl
in, into, on ×11
per + acc
through ×4
propter + acc
because of
secundum + acc
according to ×12
sine + abl
without ×3
sub + abl
under, beneath
supra + acc
above, beyond ×4
iam adv
now, already
inde adv
thence, thenceforth
ita adv
thus, so ×3
magis adv
to greater extent, more nearly
non adv
not ×12
praeterea adv
besides, furthermore ×2
quasi adv
as if, just as if
relative adv
relatively
sic adv
so, thus ×5
unde adv
from where, whence
aut conj
or, or rather, else ×2
autem conj
but, however ×5
cum conj
when, since ×2
enim conj
namely ×5
ergo conj
therefore ×3
et conj
and ×28
igitur conj
therefore, so, then ×3
nec conj
nor, and..not
neque conj
and not, nor ×3
nisi conj
if not ×2
prout conj
as, just as
quamvis conj
however much
quia conj
because, for ×6
quod conj
because, as far as ×12
sed conj
but ×5
si conj
if, if only
sicut conj
as, just as ×6
tamen conj
yet, nevertheless
ut conj
that, so that; as ×6
vel conj
or ×7
vero conj
yes ×2
quindecim num
fifteen
triginta num
thirty